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Brakes, ABS & Stability fault codes

ABS, stability and foundation-brake faults — wheel-speed sensors, modulator valves, air pressure, steering-angle and stability inputs, the trailer ABS link, and the wheel-based vehicle speed the ABS ECU broadcasts to the rest of the truck. These are the codes that turn a roadside inspection into an out-of-service order: a lit trailer ABS lamp is a violation whether or not the truck stops fine.

All 41 brakes, abs & stability SPN/FMI and OBD codes in the knowledge base are listed below — each with what it means, how serious it is, the most-likely causes, and what to check first.

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Brakes, ABS & Stability codes (41)

SPN 84 · FMI 19Caution
Vehicle Speed Signal — Erratic / Lost
SPN 84 · FMI 2Caution
Vehicle Speed Sensor Erratic
SPN 519 · FMI 4Serious
Service brake air pressure — primary circuit low
SPN 520 · FMI 4Serious
Service brake air pressure — secondary circuit low
SPN 789 · FMI 2Serious
Left front wheel speed sensor erratic
SPN 789 · FMI 8Serious
Left front wheel speed abnormal signal
SPN 790 · FMI 2Serious
Right front wheel speed sensor erratic
SPN 790 · FMI 8Serious
Right front wheel speed abnormal
SPN 791 · FMI 2Serious
Left rear (LF drive) wheel speed erratic
SPN 791 · FMI 8Serious
Left rear wheel speed abnormal
SPN 792 · FMI 2Serious
Right rear wheel speed erratic
SPN 792 · FMI 8Serious
Right rear wheel speed abnormal
SPN 793 · FMI 2Serious
Left tag/pusher wheel speed erratic
SPN 794 · FMI 2Serious
Right tag/pusher wheel speed erratic
SPN 797 · FMI 5Serious
Modulator valve — left front — open
SPN 797 · FMI 6Serious
Modulator valve — left front — short to ground
SPN 798 · FMI 5Serious
Modulator valve — right front — open
SPN 798 · FMI 6Serious
Right front modulator — short to ground
SPN 799 · FMI 5Serious
Modulator valve — left rear — open
SPN 799 · FMI 6Serious
Left rear modulator — short to ground
SPN 800 · FMI 5Serious
Modulator valve — right rear — open
SPN 800 · FMI 6Serious
Right rear modulator — short to ground
SPN 973 · FMI 5Serious
Engine retarder enable — open circuit
SPN 974 · FMI 7Serious
ATC (automatic traction control) diff brake — not responding
SPN 1807 · FMI 9Serious
Lost J1939 datalink message from VECU
SPN 1811 · FMI 9Serious
Cab controller J1939 message lost
C0031Serious
Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit Low
C0034Serious
Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Performance
C0035Caution
Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit
C0045Serious
Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit Low
C0046Serious
Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Performance
C0050Serious
ABS Pump Motor Relay Circuit
C0060Serious
ABS Solenoid Valve Circuit
C0110Serious
ABS Pump Motor Circuit
C0121Serious
ABS Valve Solenoid Fault
C0131Serious
ABS Pressure Differential Fault
C0245Caution
Wheel Speed Sensor Frequency Error
C0265Serious
ABS EBCM Motor Relay Circuit
C0267Serious
ABS Pump Motor Circuit Open
C0290Serious
ABS Lost Communication with PCM
C0387Caution
Electronic Brake Proportioning Performance

Other systems

Cooling, lubrication, HVAC and chassis/cab codes are listed on the fault code lookup, along with the search box that covers every code.

General diagnostic guidance for heavy-duty diesel equipment (Cummins, Detroit, PACCAR, Volvo, Mack and more). Not a substitute for a scan-tool diagnosis on your specific truck.